141 articles - From Friday Jun 21 2024 to Friday Jun 28 2024
Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
| Gastrointest Endosc |
|---|
Development of American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy standards for training in advanced endoscopy within dedicated advanced endoscopy fellowship programs. This consensus process using validated methodology established standards for an AEFP in an effort to ensure adequate training in the most commonly taught interventional endoscopic procedures (ERCP, EUS, EMR, and luminal stent placement) during fellowship. An important component of an AEFP is the use of competency-based assessments that are compliant with the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's Next Accreditation System, with the goal of ensuring that trainees achieve specific milestones in their progression to achieving cognitive and technical competency. |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Am J Gastroenterol |
|---|
Early Diagnostic Paracentesis Improves Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients with Cirrhosis and Ascites: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Findings from this meta-analysis suggest that early diagnostic paracentesis is associated with better patient outcomes. Early diagnostic paracentesis within 12 hours of admission may be associated with the greatest mortality benefit. Data from large-scale randomized trials are needed to validate our findings, especially if there is a greater mortality benefit for early diagnostic paracentesis within 12 hours. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endosc Int Open |
Endoscopic scoring indices for assessing disease severity in familial adenomatous polyposis: Systematic review. There are no fully validated endoscopic disease severity indices for FAP. Development and validation of a reliable and responsive endoscopic disease severity instrument will be informative for clinical care and RCTs of pharmacological therapies for FAP. |
| Hepatology |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
Hirschsprung's disease. Management. Patients with Hirschsprung's disease need to have surgical correction, and their postoperative long-term management is complex given a variety of associated problems that can occur after surgery. A systematic evaluation is necessary to provide appropriate therapy. |
Physiology of lower gastrointestinal tract. Recent advances provide novel techniques to investigate motility patterns including high-resolution manometry protocols with automated assessments, magnetic resonance imaging techniques for defecography, wireless motility capsules and fecobionics. |
Review article: Functional constipation: Pathophysiology, evaluation and management. Treatment approach to paediatric FC should be individualised and integrated focusing on parental education, lifestyle and behavioural modifications, and pharmacological therapy to maximise therapeutic success. This review highlights advances in pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of FC in children. |
Serum sPD-1 and sPD-L1 as predictive biomarkers for HBsAg clearance in HBeAg-negative CHB patients undergoing IFN-based therapy. The study revealed an inverse relationship between the trends of sPD-1/sPD-L1 and HBsAg clearance during combined IFN and NAs treatment. Moreover, the magnitude of HBsAg reduction and sPD-L1 increase emerged as significant predictors for HBsAg clearance. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
A Population-Based Matched Cohort Study of Digestive System Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Individuals With and Without Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cancer incidence is declining for CRC and rising for other digestive cancers in people with IBD. Incidence and mortality remain higher in IBD than controls for colorectal, small bowel, bile duct and pancreatic cancers. |
A comprehensive evaluation of emergency department utilization by patients with cirrhosis. Abdominal pain, shortness of breath, and ascites/fluid overload are the common presenting reasons for ED visits for patients with cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis presenting to the ED experience a 90-day mortality rate of 16%, and among those who initially visited the ED, 20% were HEDU. We identified several variables independently associated with HEDU. Our observations pave the way for developing interventions to optimize the care of patients with cirrhosis presenting to the ED and to lower repeated ED visits. |
Characteristics and Outcomes Among U.S. Commercially Insured Transgender Adults with Cirrhosis: A National Cohort Study. Trans- (vs cis-)gender adults have double the prevalence of cirrhosis and the majority have a diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression. These results are informative for researchers, policymakers, and clinicians to advance equitable care for transgender individuals. |
Development and validation of a tool for assessing adherence to gluten free diet in patients with Celiac disease (Celiac Disease: Compliance Assessment Test; CD-CAT). CD-CAT is a new and rapid tool for monitoring dietary adherence to GFD with high sensitivity and specificity which can be administered by both physicians and dietitians. |
Hybrid versus Conventional Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial (SHORT-ESD). Both H-ESD and C-ESD were safe and effective for resection of large colorectal lesions. H-ESD was associated with a shorter procedure time. H-ESD may represent a viable alternative to C-ESD, with the main advantage being easy applicability of a snare-based technique for colorectal lesions. Future studies are needed to further define the most suitable lesions for H-ESD, as to optimize efficiency and safety without compromising resection outcomes. ClinicaTrials.gov NCT NCT05347446. |
Joint Hypermobility, Autonomic Dysfunction, Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Autoimmune markers (JAG-A): Clinical Associations and Response to Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy. Autoimmune markers and autonomic dysfunction are common in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms, especially in those with JH/HSD. Many patients seem to respond to IVIG treatment but this needs to be confirmed by controlled trials. These results highlight the need for vigilance for autoimmune and autonomic factors and JH/HSD in patients with neurogastroenterological disorders. , NCT04859829. |
Liver cancer risk across metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and/or alcohol: a nationwide study. HCC risk increased from MASLD, MetALD to ALD in a stepwise manner, compared to non-MASLD. For an effective primary prevention of HCC, a comprehensive approach should be required to modify both metabolic dysfunction and alcohol intake habit. |
Poverty traps and mortality from liver diseases in the United States. Poverty traps are a major and important spatially determined risk factor for mortality from liver diseases and cancers. Targeted location-specific interventions as well as economic development aimed at addressing the underlying causes of poverty and enhancing prosperity will be required to reduce mortality from liver diseases within poverty traps. |
Pre-existing and new-onset metabolic dysfunctions increase cirrhosis and its complication risks in chronic hepatitis B. Concurrent and new-onset MD increase the risks of cirrhosis and cirrhotic complications in CHB patients, independent of hepatic steatosis. Proactively investigating metabolic comorbidities in CHB is critical to stratify the risk of liver disease progression. |
Tailored hydration with lactated Ringer's solution for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis prevention: A randomized controlled trial. TAH according to the presence of abdominal pain or elevated serum amylase levels at 4-6 h after ERCP is safe and prevents PEP development. |
The Burden of Overweight and Obesity-Associated Gastrointestinal Cancers in Low and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Global Burden of Disease 2019 Analysis. The GI cancer-related burden from high BMI increased in LICs and lower MICs, necessitating a concerted effort to tackle the obesity pandemic. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
A Machine Learning Algorithm Avoids Unnecessary Paracentesis for Exclusion of SBP in Cirrhosis in Resource-Limited Settings. A machine learning model generated using routinely collected variables excluded SBP with high negative predictive value. Applying this model could ease the need to provide paracentesis in resource-limited settings by excluding those unlikely to have SBP. |
Continuous Risk Score Predicts Waitlist & Post-Transplant Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Despite Exception Changes. This study highlights the predictive capability of the continuous oncological risk score to forecast waitlist dropout and post-LT outcomes in HCC patients, independent of policy changes. The study advocates integrating continuous scoring systems like HALT-HCC in liver allocation decisions, balancing urgency, organ utility, and survival benefit. |
Machine learning-based models for advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis diagnosis in chronic hepatitis B patients with hepatic steatosis. The RF models provide reliable, non-invasive tools for identifying advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in CHB patients with concurrent HS, offering a significant advancement in the co-management of the two diseases. |
Preoperative Hepatology and Primary Care Visits Improve Postoperative Outcomes in Patients with Cirrhosis Undergoing Surgery. Preoperative PCP/GI/Hep visits are associated with a reduced risk of postoperative mortality with the greatest risk reduction observed in those with both PCP and GI/Hep visits. This synergistic effect highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the preoperative care of cirrhosis patients. |
| Endosc Int Open |
Computed tomography-based prediction of pancreatitis following biliary metal stent placement with the convolutional neural network. The CNN-based model may increase predictability for pancreatitis following endoscopic placement of a biliary SEMS. Our findings support the potential of deep learning technology to improve prognostic models in pancreatobiliary therapeutic endoscopy. |
Novel physiological analysis using blood flow velocity for colonic polyps: Pilot study. We found that mean microvascular blood flow velocity was significantly lower in ADs than in HPs and the surrounding non-neoplastic mucosa. These findings indicate that a novel dynamic approach with microvascular blood flow velocity using magnifying endoscopy may be useful in assessing physiological differences between ADs and HPs. |
| Endoscopy |
EUS-guided entero-colostomy with Lumen Apposing Metal Stent as a rescue treatment for malignant intestinal occlusion: a multicentre study. EUS-EC is a feasible technique and could be considered as a possible alternative to standard approaches for MIO in highly selected patients. |
Polyp size is associated with colorectal cancer death across histologic polyp subtypes: a retrospective study of a screening colonoscopy registry. Across al histologic types, participants with polyps ≥10 mm had at least a two-fold increase in the likelihood of PCCRC death compared with those with polyps <10 mm. These data suggest that size, rather than histologic subtype, should be a determinant for risk stratification after screening colonoscopy. |
| Gastroenterology |
A single-cell atlas of the murine pancreatic ductal tree identifies novel cell populations with potential implications in pancreas regeneration and exocrine pathogenesis. In light of our discovery of previously unidentified ductal populations, we unmask potential roles of specific ductal populations in pancreas regeneration and exocrine pathogenesis. Thus, novel lineage tracing models are needed to investigate ductal specific populations in vivo. |
Targeting 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A in portal vein to decrease portal hypertension. Our findings reveal that 5-HT promotes PH by inducing the contraction of PV, and identify HTR1A as a promising therapeutic target for attenuating PH. As an HTR1A antagonist, alverine is expected to become a candidate for clinical PH treatment. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Development of an algorithm combining blood-based biomarkers, fecal immunochemical test, and age for population-based colorectal cancer screening. The algorithm presented here can improve patient allocation to colonoscopy, reducing colonoscopy burden without compromising cancer and adenomas detection rates or vice versa. |
| Gut |
Gut microbiota signatures of vulnerability to food addiction in mice and humans. By understanding the crosstalk between this behavioural alteration and gut microbiota, these findings constitute a step forward to future treatments for food addiction and related eating disorders. |
High accuracy model for HBsAg loss based on longitudinal trajectories of serum qHBsAg throughout long-term antiviral therapy. The novel GOLDEN model, based on longitudinal qHBsAg data, accurately predicts HBsAg clearance, provides reliable estimates of functional hepatitis B virus (HBV) cure and may have the potential to stratify different subsets of patients for novel anti-HBV therapies. |
Simplified Helicobacter pylori therapy for patients with penicillin allergy: a randomised controlled trial of vonoprazan-tetracycline dual therapy. Background and aims This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan and tetracycline (VT) dual therapy as first-line treatment for infection in the penicillin-allergic population, with comparable efficacy and a lower incidence of TEAEs compared with traditional BQT. |
| Hepatology |
Alcohol-Associated liver disease: Emerging therapeutic strategies. However, uncertainty remains regarding the optimal selection criteria, and whether liver transplant has a role for only a highly-limited proportion of AH patients or more widespread application. This review aims to provide an overview of this fast-moving field. |
Aramchol improves hepatic fibrosis in MASH: Results of multimodality assessment using both conventional and digital pathology. Continuous fibrosis scores generated in antifibrotic trials by DIA quantify antifibrotic effects with greater sensitivity and larger dynamic range than CP. |
Comprehensive profiling of lipid metabolic reprogramming expands precision medicine for hepatocellular carcinoma. In conclusion, our study elucidates the metabolic reprogramming gnature of lipid metabolism in HCC, identifies prognostic markers, and therapeutic targets, and highlights potential metabolism-related targets for therapeutic intervention in HCC. |
Genetic predisposition to porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder. When analysing the cell types in which these genes are expressed, we found that these genes are predominantly expressed in immune cells, suggesting that these cells may play a more important role in the development of porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder than previously thought. In addition, pathway analyses suggested that there may be 2 types of porto-sinusoidal vascular disorder associated with gene mutations: those resulting directly from morphogenetic abnormalities and those secondary to immune changes. |
Integrated and collaborative care across the spectrum of alcohol-associated liver disease and alcohol use disorder. Here, we review the role of AUD care in ALD treatment, the effects of AUD treatment on liver-related outcomes, the impact of comorbid conditions such as other substance use disorders, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, the current landscape of integrated and collaborative care for ALD and AUD in various treatment settings. We further review knowledge gaps and unmet needs that remain, including the role of precision medicine, the application of harm reduction approaches, the impact of health disparities, the need for additional AUD treatment options as well as further efforts to support implementation and dissemination. |
Modulation of monocyte activity by hepatocellular MicroRNA delivery via hepatitis B virus surface antigen particles: Implications for pathobiology of chronic hepatitis B. HBsAg particles carry hepatocellular miRNAs, including miR-939, which enter monocytes and alter their functional status such as IL-8 secretion. Our findings demonstrate that HBsAg-miR-939-IL-8 axis may play a crucial role in HBV-induced hepatic necro-inflammation and progression of advanced liver diseases. |
Spatial proteomic landscape of primary and relapsed hepatocellular carcinoma reveals immune escape characteristics in early relapse. We comprehensively depicted the spatial landscape of single-cell dynamics and multicellular architecture within primary and relapsed HCC. Our findings highlight spatial organization is a prominent determinant of HCC recurrence and provide a valuable insight into the immune evasion mechanisms driving recurrence. |
Therapeutic manipulation of the microbiome in liver disease. Assimilating data from preclinical animal models, human studies as well as clinical trials, we describe the potential for and rationale behind studying such therapies across several liver diseases, including metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, alcohol associated liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatic encephalopathy, as well as liver cancer. Lastly, we discuss lessons learnt from previous attempts at developing such therapies, the regulatory framework that needs to be navigated and the challenges that remain. |
Utility of methylated DNA markers for the diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures. The selected methylated DNA markers demonstrated improved performance characteristics for the detection of MBS compared to cytology and FISH. Therefore, MDMs should be considered viable candidates for inclusion in diagnostic testing algorithms.. |
| J Hepatol |
Histological improvements following energy restriction and exercise: The role of insulin resistance in resolution of MASH. Exercise and energy-restriction elicited significant and clinically-meaningful treatment effects on liver health, potentially driven by a redistribution of excess nutrients to skeletal muscle, thereby reducing hepatic nutrient toxicity. Clinical guidelines should emphasize the addition of aerobic exercise in lifestyle treatments for the greatest histologic benefit in individuals with advanced MASH. Clinical trial number NCT03151798. |
Histological predictors of aggressive recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection. The presence of mVI/S was the only independent risk factor for aggressive recurrence and mortality. This has important implications for early-stage patient management, especially in the setting of adjuvant immunotherapy or ab initio LT. |
Procoagulant phenotype of virus-infected pericytes is associated with portal thrombosis and intrapulmonary vascular dilations in fatal COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection of liver pericytes elicits a local procoagulant response associated with extensive portal microthrombosis, IPVD and worsening respiratory failure in fatal COVID-19. Impact and implications Vascular involvement of the liver represents a serious complication of COVID-19 infection that must be considered in the work-up of patients with long-lasting and progressively worsening respiratory failure, as it may associate with the development of intrapulmonary vascular dilations. This clinical picture is associated with a pro-coagulant phenotype of portal venule pericytes, which is induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection of pericytes. Both observations provide a model that may apply, at least in part, to other vascular disorders of the liver, featuring obliterative portal venopathy, similarly characterized at the clinical level by development of hypoxemia and at the histological level, by phlebosclerosis and reduced caliber of the portal vein branches in the absence of cirrhosis. Moreover, our findings bring light to an as yet overlooked player of thrombosis pathophysiology, i.e. pericytes, which may provide novel therapeutic tools to halt prothrombotic mechanisms. |
Sex and ethnic disparities in hepatitis B evaluation and treatment across the world. Evaluation and treatment rates were suboptimal for patients with CHB in both the East and West, with significant sex and ethnic disparities. Improved linkage to care with linguistically competent and culturally sensitive approaches is needed. Impact and implications Significant sex and ethnic disparities exist in hepatitis B evaluation and treatment, with female treatment-eligible patients about 50% less likely to receive antiviral treatment and Asian patients from Western regions also about 50% less likely to receive adequate evaluation or treatment compared to Asians from the East (there was no significant difference between Asian patients from the East and non-Asian patients). Improved linkage to care with linguistically competent and culturally sensitive approaches is needed. |
Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) polymorphisms may influence HDV RNA load and early response to bulevirtide. NTCP genetic polymorphisms were identified by Sanger sequencing. Results Of the 6 NTCP polymorphisms studied in 209 CHD untreated patients, carriers of rs17556915 TT/CC (N=142) compared to CT (N=67) genotype presented higher median HDV RNA levels (5.39 vs 4.75 log T genetic polymorphisms may influence baseline HDV RNA load both in untreated and BLV treated patients with CHD and may contribute to identify patients with different early virological responses to BLV. |
Type-I interferon shapes peritoneal immunity in cirrhosis and drives caspase-5-mediated progranulin release upon infection. Type-I IFN shapes peritoneal immune responses and regulates caspase-5-mediated progranulin release during SBP. Impact and implications Patients with cirrhosis exhibit impaired immune responses and increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. This study reveals that type-I interferon responses, triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, are crucial in regulating macrophage activation and priming them for inflammatory responses. Additionally, we elucidate the mechanisms by which type-I interferons promote the release of progranulin from macrophages during spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Our findings enhance understanding of how bacterial translocation affects immune responses, identify novel biomarkers for inflammasome activation during infections, and point to potential therapeutic targets. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
| Endosc Int Open |
Retention of endoscopic capsules in diverticula: Literature review of a capsule endoscopy rarity. The most common type is Meckel's diverticulum, and endoscopy is the primary management. Capsule endoscopy retentions are extremely rare, with only 34 cases reported since the technology's introduction. |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| J Hepatol |
Inflammasomes in chronic liver disease: hepatic injury, fibrosis progression and systemic inflammation. g., in severe alcohol-related hepatitis) that spark on a dysfunctional immune system, contribute to inflammasome-mediated liver injury and potentially result in organ dysfunctions/failures, as seen in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). This review provides an overview on current concepts regarding inflammasome activation in liver disease progression and related biomarkers and therapeutic approaches that are being developed for patients with liver disease. |
misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
|---|
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endosc Int Open |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
|---|
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endosc Int Open |
| Endoscopy |
| Gut |
| J Hepatol |